What is an AI coding agent architecture? (ANSWERED)

TL;DR — Quick Answer
A coding agent is a control loop with tools (filesystem, shell, browser, MCP), memory/context, planning, and verification. A chat wrapper only generates text; an agent acts on a repository and iterates on feedback.
The Interview Question
Draw the architecture of a modern AI coding agent (planner, tools, memory, verifier). How does it differ from a chat wrapper around an LLM?
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